Paragraph Structure and Cohesion
Write paragraphs with a clear topic sentence, supporting detail and a linking close.
A strong essay is built from strong paragraphs.
- Write a clear topic sentence.
- Support a point with evidence and explanation.
- Link paragraphs smoothly.
The Shape of a Paragraph
Most exam paragraphs follow a simple pattern: topic sentence → explanation → evidence/example → link. The topic sentence tells the reader what the paragraph is about.
Linking Words
Linking words show how ideas relate.
- Adding: furthermore, in addition, also.
- Contrasting: however, nevertheless, on the other hand.
- Cause and effect: therefore, consequently, as a result.
- Examples: for instance, such as, namely.
Weak: "Technology is good. It helps students. Many people use phones."
Strong: "Technology supports learning when it is used with purpose. For example, a student can watch a recorded lesson again when a topic is difficult, which builds confidence."
Practice
- Write a topic sentence for a paragraph about the benefits of reading.
- Turn the weak paragraph above into a strong one of four sentences.
- List four linking words for contrast and use each in a sentence.
Recap
Good paragraphs have one main idea, supported and linked clearly to the next point.
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Essay Writing
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